Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Students in a Rural Community

Abstract

Purpose: This study explores the experiences of prelicensure nursing students participating in a community-engaged learning (CEL) activity designed to enhance their understanding of social determinants of health (SDOH) and their impact on residents in a southern rural community.

Sample: The sample consisted of junior-level baccalaureate nursing students enrolled in a "Health Assessment for Professional Nursing" course across three semesters in 2023, with a total participant pool of 286 students.

Method: A qualitative approach was employed, guided by Moustaka’s phenomenological framework. Data were collected through reflective journaling, with 352 responses received from 61.5% of the sample population. From these, 40% (n=140) were randomly selected for data analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted using open coding, categorization, and identification of core and peripheral themes. Trustworthiness was ensured through member checking and peer review.

Findings: The analysis revealed three main themes: “Interacting with Others:” Participants appreciated the personal stories shared by residents, which fostered empathy and a deeper understanding of aging and community life. “Strategies for Sparking Conversations and Relating to Residents:” Students adapted their communication styles to connect with residents, recognizing the importance of patience and empathy. “Challenging Stereotypes and Biases:” Participants confronted and reshaped their biases through meaningful interactions, highlighting the importance of respect and dignity in healthcare practice.

Conclusion: Participation in the CEL activity significantly enhanced students' understanding of SDOH, fostering empathy and awareness that can translate into improved care for rural residents. The study underscores the importance of experiential learning in nursing education to prepare students for the complexities of real-world healthcare environments. However, the findings are specific to this context and may not be broadly applicable. Future research should include community member perspectives and explore broader applicability.

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v24i2.773